![]() The molecule of hemoglobin is mostly spherical and, as its name suggests, it is made of two main parts – globin molecule (polypeptide) with an embedded heme prosthetic groups. The molecule of hemoglobin was discovered already in year 1840, but it was not until around 1870 that an important French physiologist Claude Bernard revealed its function. The blood concentration of hemoglobin differs between sexes: in women 120-162 g/l and in men 135 – 172 g/l. ![]() Hemoglobin also forms an important blood buffer system, which removes the excess of H + (particularly in peripheral tissues) by binding them to the His- residues of its molecule. Hb transports 98 % of the total oxygen present in the blood and 23 % of CO 2. It carries oxygen from lungs to the rest of the body and a portion of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction. Hemoglobin (Hb), the pigment that gives blood its red colour, provides the transport of blood gases. Synthesis and degradation of heme and hemoglobin 3.
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